1. What is Specific Gravity of Basalt?

Definition: Specific gravity (SG) is the ratio of the density of basalt to the density of water at a specified temperature.

Purpose: It helps geologists and engineers understand the relative density of basalt compared to water, which is important for various geological and construction applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( SG \) — Specific gravity (unitless)
• \( \rho \) — Density of basalt (kg/m³)
• \( \rho_{water} \) — Density of water (1000 kg/m³ at 4°C)

Explanation: The density of basalt is divided by the density of water to obtain the specific gravity.

3. Importance of Specific Gravity

Details: Specific gravity helps in identifying rock types, calculating porosity, and determining suitability for construction materials.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the basalt density in kg/m³ (typically 2800-3000 kg/m³) and water density (default 1000 kg/m³). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical specific gravity of basalt?
A: Basalt typically has a specific gravity between 2.8 and 3.0.

Q2: Why is water density important in this calculation?
A: Specific gravity is defined relative to water, so we need water's density as the reference point.

Q3: Does temperature affect the calculation?
A: Yes, since water density changes with temperature, but the effect is minimal for most practical purposes.

Q4: How does basalt compare to other rocks?
A: Basalt is denser than granite (SG ~2.6-2.7) but less dense than peridotite (SG ~3.2-3.3).

Q5: What are common uses of basalt's specific gravity value?
A: Used in aggregate selection, concrete mix design, and geological studies of volcanic rocks.