1. What is Density?

Definition: Density is a measure of mass per unit volume. It's calculated using the formula:

Where:

• \( \rho \) (rho) — Density (kg/m³)
• \( m \) — Mass (kg)
• \( V \) — Volume (m³)

2. About Osmium - The Densest Material

Details: Osmium is the densest naturally occurring element with a density of 22,590 kg/m³. It's a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal in the platinum group.

Properties:

• Atomic Number: 76
• Melting Point: 3,033°C (5,491°F)
• Uses: Electrical contacts, fountain pen tips, instrument pivots

3. How the Calculator Works

Functionality: This calculator can compute any one of the three variables (density, mass, or volume) when the other two are known.

Options: You can select from several high-density materials or enter a custom density value.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips:

• Enter any two known values (mass and volume, or mass and density, or volume and density)
• Leave the field you want to calculate as zero
• Select a material from the list or choose "Custom Density"

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is osmium the densest element?
A: Osmium atoms are very heavy (atomic weight 190.23) and pack tightly in their crystal structure.

Q2: Is osmium density always 22,590 kg/m³?
A: This is the standard value at room temperature. Density changes slightly with temperature.

Q3: What's heavier: osmium or gold?
A: Osmium is much denser (22,590 kg/m³ vs. gold's 19,320 kg/m³).

Q4: Can density be calculated without knowing the material?
A: Yes, if you know both mass and volume, density can be calculated regardless of material.

Q5: Where is osmium found?
A: Osmium is found in platinum ores and as a byproduct of nickel refining.