1. What is Density Calculation by Water Displacement?

Definition: This method calculates an object's density by measuring the volume of water it displaces when submerged.

Purpose: It's particularly useful for irregularly shaped objects where standard volume measurements are difficult.

2. How Does the Calculation Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \rho \) — Density (g/mL)
• \( m \) — Mass of object (grams)
• \( V_{final} \) — Water volume after submersion (mL)
• \( V_{initial} \) — Initial water volume (mL)

Explanation: The difference between final and initial water volumes equals the object's volume, allowing density calculation.

3. Importance of Density Measurement

Details: Density is a fundamental physical property used to identify materials, assess purity, and in various engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips:

• Measure mass before submersion
• Read water volumes at eye level for accuracy
• Ensure object is fully submerged but not touching container sides
• Final volume must be greater than initial volume

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why use water displacement instead of direct measurement?
A: It's the most accurate method for irregularly shaped objects where standard volume measurements aren't possible.

Q2: What if my object floats?
A: Use a sinker (a known weight) to fully submerge the object and subtract the sinker's volume from calculations.

Q3: Does water temperature matter?
A: Yes, water density changes slightly with temperature. For precise work, measure at 4°C (where water density is exactly 1 g/mL).

Q4: Can I use other liquids besides water?
A: Yes, but you must account for the liquid's density in your calculations if it differs significantly from water.

Q5: How precise should my measurements be?
A: Use a graduated cylinder with appropriate precision (typically 1 mL gradations) and a scale with 0.01g precision for best results.